Moderation as a Pillar of Culture in Islamic Civilization: The Perspective of Abu al-Hasan Amiri

Introduction & Objective: This study analyzes Abul Hasan al-Amiri's (d. 381 AH) philosophical concept of temperance (e'tedal) as a pillar of culture in Islamic civilization. Philosophers consistently regard temperance as a core virtue for human happiness. This paper aims to analyze Ameri's view that temperance generates societal unity, ensuring its permanence, while its absence leads to fragmentation. It posits that this unifying social context constitutes Ameri's understanding of culture.
Methodology: Employing a descriptive and analytical approach, this research thoroughly examines Ameri's philosophical texts to interpret his conceptual framework regarding temperance, unity, culture, and civilization. [Implicit from source content]
Findings: The study finds that Ameri views temperance as the fundamental cause of societal unity, which is synonymous with culture. This unity ensures societal endurance; its absence leads to corruption. For Ameri, intellect is the source of culture, enabling the unification of human faculties. Love is identified as the primary catalyst for social unity, binding individuals' souls. Ameri extends temperance to include geographical aspects, citing "Iranshahr" as an example of social temperance. Islam, according to Ameri, guides individuals toward virtues, fostering a unified and temperate collective identity.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Ameri establishes temperance as the unifying principle for both individuals and society, forming a collective identity interpreted as culture. This culture, driven by intellect and sustained by love, is the bedrock of a virtuous, civilized society. The study highlights Islam's crucial role in fostering this unity and temperance.